Category: ICT

pagak peace and information centre

Outside the Pagak Peace and Information Centre.

Pagak’s antenna connecting the site to the BOSCO Internet system.

Into the Pagak Information Centre (front room).

Students studying in the middle room. War Child Holland brought in the XOs.

The XOs seem quite durable. Mind you, net books are more versatile and still cheap.

Christopher Okeny (site manager) and Simon Peter Okello (Web 2.0 trainer). Their stories to come on the World Bank’s You Think next week.

Storm building outside the Pagak Centre.

telecenter sustainability.

Useful sources on telecenter sustainability. The whole concept best summarized by Prof. Subbiah Arunachalam:

The success lies in embedding ICTs in a holistic approach encompassing a diverse range of development initiatives. The trick is not to emphasise technology but to put people and their needs before technology. Sustainable livelihood approaches need to be people-centred, recognising the capital assets of the poor and the influence of policies and institutions on their livelihood strategies.

beyond innovative technology: teaching internet

A new post on the World Bank’s You Think:

There was a flurry of debate after TMS Ruge‘s speech at the SXSW conference in Austin, Texas, which included fair criticism of the popular One Laptop Per Child initiative. Key to this debate was an issue that I am finding equally as relevant in my new job: technological innovations are not enough in information and communication technology for development (ICT4D). One also needs approaches that effectively teach the use of a computer or the Internet to actually add any value to these innovations.

Continued here.

GPS mapping and water testing as learning tools.

Having a fun day digesting all the information (and questions) BOSCO-Uganda has to offer. Here are a few shots from yesterday’s field training on GPS mapping and water testing through our Classroom to Classroom initiative. The Lead-Deadwood High School in South Dakota has fundraised for GPS equipment to bring to Uganda. Teachers here are receiving training in how to use this equipment, map water sources on Google Maps, and do some basic testing on water. The point being to engage students in both science and ICT at the same time, while teaching collaborative skills like wikispace use and Google Forums. When teachers train their students, there is the added opportunity of students learning about gathering, analyzing and sorting data.

developing ICT+

Project Diaspora skillfully responds to OLPC. Their response makes me think of a discussion we are having at BOSCO (see a reply to PD’s post with some thoughts in the comment section): How to provide more than computer skills and the Internet? How can we engage people to use the Internet, for example, as a tool of learning or economic empowerment?

Let’s call this, for a lack of anything catchy, ICT+. Going beyond the basics of operating a computer to really engaging on the Web and creating content. I constantly refer to the “knowledge of power” concept and the fact that the Internet allows for a distinct reversal of this imbalance. How do we both provide access to the Internet while encouraging users to contribute?

Thus far, BOSCO has used a Web 2.0 training curriculum which is available here. I haven’t been around long enough to know what kind of an impact we are having through this program, but feel free to contact long-term BOSCO staff via myself for an idea of how we do it and what developments we’ve seen thus far.

the wrongs of “you are not a gadget”

I posted a link to a book review on “You are Not a Gadget” a couple of weeks ago. There’s more. For once, I think the comment section of the Globe and Mail got it right. Jaron Lanier comes across as an alarmist. The overwhelming good of the Internet and technology in general far outweighs the wrongs (that can probably, with hard work, be righted or better controlled). Boston is rainy and windy.

you are not a gadget.

From the Globe and Mail,

Lanier argues that the Web has created a “hive” mentality that emphasizes the crowd over the individual, and is changing what it means to be a person. “Anonymous blog comments, vapid video pranks, and lightweight mash-ups may seem trivial and harmless, but as a whole this widespread practice of fragmentary, impersonal communications has demeaned interpersonal interaction.” Having grown up digital, “a new generation has come of age with a reduced expectation of what a person can be, and of who each person might become.”

ICT in education

An interesting example on how ICT can be integrated into flexible and self-directed education:

In mobile technology, it is often the developing world that leads the way – by using mobile phones to teach people a foreign language, for example.In Bangladesh, more than 1m English lessons have been downloaded to mobile phones as part of the BBC‘s Janala sercvice, the corporation announced today at the World Mobile Conference in Barcelona.

Offering hundreds of three-minute audio lessons and SMS quizzes for less than 4p, Janala – meaning “window” – provides low-cost education through handsets – in a country where English is not as widely spoken as elsewhere in Asia.

The service is very simple: by dialling “3000″, mobile users access classes ranging from “Essential English” to the more advanced “How to tell a story”. The BBC has also set up a website giving learners free access to content.

twitter: not just a dating tool.

From my latest on World Bank:

In Tolstoy’s novel, War and Peace, Pierre, a young noble, does some philanthropic work in the Russian wastelands. His projects complete, he is thanked profusely by the women, peasants and priests, whom he thought he had benefited. Satisfied, he returns home full of self-worth. However, it soon becomes clear that Pierre had not helped anyone. In fact—working without cultural context or experience—he has aggravated the situation.

The moral of this story—in the context of 21st century development—is perhaps “plus ca change, rien ne change.” The results of developmental efforts today do not seem to be all that different from the 1800s: corruption, bloated governments leeching off donors, lack of social accountability between government and people. The list goes on.

Arguably, many of these problems could be fixed if donors adopted more of a “bottom-up” approach: giving recipients more say in donor targets, funding and project development.

Fortunately, as ICT4D (Information and Communications Technology for Development) becomes more sophisticated, the development field has this option. Combined with social media and access to technology, particularly Internet and cell-phones, we have new development tools that encourage and allow beneficiaries to participate more actively in the development process.

Take Twitter as one example.

Continued.

branching in.

Saskia Sassen is a fantastic speaker. She’s hitting on a few points that are important to me, particularly the “immobile can also make globalities.” Branching Kenyan youth into the international struggle for change can engage the masses in pro-active change instead of violent upheaval. The field of International Development needs to better consider the role of ICT in building these global networks NMC has been talking about. How do people use information at their disposal now? How can we support, improve and learn from this process?

new interactivity.

Enrich your presentation – with some knee-jerk comments and reactions from the crowd by integrating social media. To be fair, Twitter keeps the questions short and sweet and allows the audience to read what other people are thinking, perhaps sparking smart thought tangents. However, I can’t help but wonder if “tweeting” is easier than actually thinking about and reflecting on an issue (yet leaves you with the same satisfaction of being intellectually involved on some level).

New Technologies in Emergencies and Conflicts: The Role of Information and Social Networks

I just finished reading Vodafone Foundation and the UN Foundation’s report on “New Technologies in Emergencies and Conflicts: The Role of Information and Social Networks. I was going to write a long, cumbersome blog post on the contents, but I’d rather highlight a few things that stuck. Also, I would recommend reading the full report as it highlights the many interesting ICT applications used by both humanitarian actors and civil society.

First of all, it was clear throughout that the use of social networking and applications like Twitter and Facebook merits the attention of inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations involved in pre, conflict and post-conflict situations. However, it was also emphasized that there needs to be a method to better “verify” information. During politically charged situations, anyone can harness the Internet/mobile waves to spread lies or hate messages. Apparently Ushahidi is developing an application called Swift River which will aggregate information from crowd sourcing and other sources such as media and check facts against each other leading to a stronger verification process. Read a more accurate and interesting description here.

Despite the amount of confusing and complex acronyms and tech-words, the report also made it clear that organizations need figure out how to “people-center” technology and make use of existing social networks. This requires an in-depth study of how information spreads and how technology is appropriated by communities in different stages of emergencies. Refinement to follow. Secondly, it’s necessary for the information to be bottom-up, instead of top-down. Civilian participation is crucial. Thirdly, organizations needs to standardize and implement emergency communications systems with this new information.

Otherwise, the report lists a series of programs that are being used in different stages of conflict. While all this is interesting, I think the report, despite finger-pointing, has also failed to analyze the broader social implications of technologies in conflict. If anyone can point me towards research that studies these process (let’s say, how a rural villager interprets and understands an application like Ushahidi), I would be most grateful.

Four tech startups that are transforming African development.

This week’s post on THIS: Four tech start-ups that are transforming African development.

This coming week I will be covering the 6th UNESCO Youth Forum in Paris. In preparation for the event, youth delegates have been participating in an online forum and discussing a variety of issues which affect youth during this global economic (and social) crisis.

Naturally, one of my preferred topics is along the lines of information and communication technology (ICT) and social media. As I discussed last week, ICT and social media, slowly, but surely, are allowing people to reverse the dominance of Western information. As tools are developed to allow active translation of English websites into even the most obscure dialects, those with basic education are tapping a source of previous privileged wealth.

Social and economic investment via ICT (such as the internet and mobile phones) is another key purpose. However, while the Internet is bringing us together, there remains the contentious “digital divide.” As Sylvia Namukasa, a UNESCO youth delegate from Uganda comments, “In Uganda, ICT only favors the urban youth who can access computers, unlike their rural counterparts, many of whom have never had a chance to look at a computer.”

We need to actively work against this disparity. Instead of pouring our hard-earned savings into charities, which continue to laud free goods on people who have no need or want for them, Canadian youth, in particular, should consider investing in their technologically able and inventive counterparts.

Read on.

of the cloud and e-networking.

A slice from the minds of those who “get” the social-power-potential of the Internet. Ethan Zuckerman has kindly produced a series of blog posts outlining each speech:

1. His own article, The Cloud and Useful Illusions

2. Juliana Rotich, The Cloud and Environmental Change

3. Pablo Flores, Education and the Cloud

4. Teddy Ruge, the Online African Diaspora

5. Kristen Taylor, the Food Pornographer

6. Xiao Qiang and Evgeny Morozov with dueling views of digital activism

7. Hamid Tehrani, a nuanced view of social media in Iran

8. David Sasaki, the brave new world of the cloud

While I am still trying to grasp at this concept of cloud intelligence, I cannot help but remind myself that this type of interaction has its limits. Its use is primarily in introduction and in networking, but in terms of developing the substance on which human society changes, I think we will always have to stay in a physical, face-to-face environment – for the better.

And, Zuckerman ensures we keep reality in check:

But just because the tendency to choose a smaller world is a basic human frailty doesn’t mean we should accept it. The infrastructures that hold us together bind us, inextricably. Our problems are global ones – pandemic, global warming, terrorism – and so are our solutions. If we can imagine healing and bettering the world, we are imagining connecting with people across the globe to build solutions and find different ways of living.

The Cloud encourages us to imagine a world where infrastructure doesn’t matter, where ideas and solutions can come from anyone and anywhere. Perhaps this is the useful illusion that frees us from old ways of thinking, lets us embrace solutions that come from halfway around that world, that we might have rejected had we known its provenance.

I fear that, if we’re honest with ourselves, we’ll discover that the flow of ideas through the Cloud isn’t as frictionless and global as we might hope. The steep, sheer barriers of language render much of what’s posted online incomprehensible to us, the Chinese blog posts and the Spanish-language videos. On a polyglot internet, there’s more to read everyday, but less each of us, individually can understand. We’ve made great strides in making it possible for everyone to write online, releasing our words into the Cloud, but we’ve done far less work ensuring that we can read and understand what each other has to say.

And a final reality:

The Cloud is a prophecy. It’s a beautiful dream of the future where we find ways to connect every corner of the world. It asks us to overcome the challenges of language, to break out of our usual orbits and familiar flocks and discover new, global, connected solutions to new, global, connected problems. We need to imagine this future so we can build it. But we must remember what we’re imagining and what’s real. We must continually challenge ourselves and not merely embrace and celebrate a useful illusion.

kenya’s mobile phones and internet.

Fabulous, the walking-while-browsing finds a new niche:

TELKOM Kenya has launched a wireless application protocol (WAP) portal that will enable Orange Mobile subscribers’ internet access, which it believes will make it the market leader in broadband services.

Telkom Kenya CEO, Mickael Ghossein said in a statement, ‘This new service falls in line with our strategy for the next three or four years, where we are looking at being the leader in the areas we are strong and that includes broadband services.”

To connect to Orange World, a user requires a WAP or internet enabled phone with an Orange RUIM card. The user then launches the browser application and selects home which then enables them to surf all available content as they normaly would on the web.

Orange World, the fastest WAP portal in the local market, is an online gateway offering subscribers news, sports, games, listings, travel information and entertainment while on the move. Telkom Kenya confirmed that for the next one month, Orange Mobile subscribers will access the service for free with no price increase on a user’s monthly tariff. After this period Orange will determine price levels from customer usage patterns with added value being some free content.